Hormônio de crescimento e hipersensibilidade por imunocomplexo (Tipo III): uma contraindicação para a dessensibilização / Growth hormone therapy and hypersensitivity type III reaction: a contraindication for desensitization

As reações alérgicas ao GH são raras e usualmente representadas por reações de hipersensibilidade tipo I (IgE mediadas), passíveis de tratamento por dessensibilização. Neste relato de caso, descrevemos a presença de reação alérgica ao GH mediada por imunocomplexo (hipersensibilidade tipo III). Nesta situação, a tentativa de dessensibilização pode perpetuar a formação de imunocomplexo, cujo depósito pode determinar insuficiência renal e respiratória.

Allergic reactions against GH are rare, and usually represented by the hypersensitivity type I (IgE-mediated). This type of reaction can be treated by desensitization. In this case report, we present a patient showing an allergic reaction soon after starting GH therapy mediated by immune complex (hypersensitivity type III reaction). In this condition, the attempt to perform the desensitization procedure can perpetuate immune complex deposition determining a life threatening renal and respiratory insufficiency.

Attenuation of the effect of lindane on immune responses and oxidative stress by Ocimum sanctum seed oil (OSSO) in rats.

Present study was done to evaluate the effect of Ocimum sanctum seed oil (OSSO) on the immunotoxicity and oxidative activity of lindane in rats. Rats were divided into four groups (n = 8) and were treated with lindane (10 mg/kg, po) and/or OSSO (1 mg/kg, po) during the study period. Humoral immunity was assessed by measuring haemagglutination titre to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) was assessed by measuring foot pad thickness. Lindane showed significant decrease in anti-SRBC antibody titre and also decreased percentage change in foot pad thickness in DTH response as compared to control group. OSSO per se produced significant increase in anti-SRBC antibody titre, but did not produce significant change in the foot pad thickness as compared to control group. However, it significantly antagonized the effect of lindane on the anti-SRBC antibody titre and foot pad thickness parameters. Lindane produced oxidative stress as indicated by increase in the levels of MDA and decrease in GSH levels. Treatment with OSSO per se showed antioxidant activity and also reversed the oxidative stress produced by lindane. The results suggest that OSSO can attenuate the immunotoxicity and oxidative stress produced by lindane.

Cutaneous leishmaniosis coinfection in AIDS patients: Case report and literature review

A fatal case of mucosal leishmaniasis in a patient with AIDS is presented. Seventeen cases of L. brasiliensis coinfection in AIDS patients in Brazil have been presented at the meetings of The Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases. As in the case presented here, 4 cases with mucosal involvement also had negative delayed type hypersensitivity reactions to leishmania antigens. This lack of immunologic responsiveness, the invasive nature of the infection, and the poor response to therapy indicate that the combination of these infections should be viewed as a new disease entity.

Hipersensibilidad retardada hacia componentes de las prótesis dentales e inflamación crónica de la mucosa oral / Retarded hypersensitivity about component of the dental prosthesis and cronic inflammation of the oral mucous

Se describen cuatro pacientes con queilitis o gingivitis o ambas, persistentes por más de un año. Las biopsias en todos los casos presentaban un padrón inflamatorio crónico inespecífico donde no se identificaban agentes infecciosos o de otra etiología. Todos los pacientes tenían arreglos en su dentadura, con prótesis fijas o móviles o ambas, años antes de comenzar con la sintomatología inflamatoria. Por medio del test del parche se comprobó en cada uno de los pacientes hipersensibilidad retardada específica hacia uno o más elementos constituyentes de las prótesis. Esto último, junto con la desaparición de los síntomas cuando se procedía a una terapia con corticoides o cuando se evitaba el contacto de la prótesis coon la mucosa oral, dan algoritmos para llegar al diagnóstico de hipersensibioidsad retardada como etiología de la inflamación crónica de la mucosa oral

Sensibilidade tuberculínica e diâmetro da cicatriz após vacina BCG / Tuberculin sensivity and diameter of cicatrin after vaccination with BCG

Foram estudadas 219 crianças vacinadas como BCG no 1§ mês de vida (34 lactentes, 65 pré-escolares, 53 escolares e 67 adolescentes). Entre as 219 crianças becegeizadas, apenas 39(17,80 por cento) foram reatoras (ò 5mm) ao teste tuberculínico. Näo houve diferença significativa de reatividade entre os quatro períodos da infância e apenas oito (25,9 por cento) lactentes vacinados com BCG reagiram ao teste tuberculínico. Ao ser comparada a reatividade tuberculinica entre 104 crianças com cicatriz de BCG ó 5mm com 115 crianças com cicatriz > 5mm, näo é encontrada diferença significativa (p > 0,05). Quando se compara o diâmetro da cicatriz vacinal em menores de cinco anos, quatro (8,51//) das crianças com BCG ó 5mm foram reatoras ao PPD e 11 (21,15 por cento) das crianças com BCG > 5mm também reagiram, contudo, novamente näo é encontrada diferença de reatividade. (x² = 2,164; p > 0,05). A aplicaçäo da vacina näo influi na utilidade do teste tuberculínico no diagnóstico de tuberculose-infecçäo após o 2§ ano de vida e o tamanho da cicatriz vacinal também näo parece exercer qualquer influência na interpretaçäo do teste

Possible role of streptokinase-induced delayed hypersensitivity and eosinophilia in pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis.

Present study relates to the results of investigations on 16 patients with Ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Age of the patients ranged from 16 to 44 (median 25) years. Male female ratio was 4.3:1. Sacroileitis was detected in all the patients. Seven patients each had stage 1 and 2 disease. Two other patients had stage 3 disease. Lower mean Hb per cent was detected among patients as compared to control groups. Twelve of 16 (75 per cent) patients had eosinophilia. HLA-B27 antigen was detected in 10 of 16 (62.5 per cent) patients. Streptokinase-induced delayed sensitivity was detected in 10 of 16 (62.5 per cent) patients. Anti-streptolysin 'O' antibodies were detected in 2 of 16 patients' sera. Moderate negative correlation was found between the size of induration of skin test and haemoglobin concentration (P < 0.05). Possibly, delayed hypersensitivity might induce both eosinophilia as well as anaemia among AS patients.

Reaçäo tuberculínica e as reaçöes cruzadas com a vacinaçäo BCG e com infecçöes por micobactérias näo-tuberculosas / Tuberculin skin test and cross reaction with BCG vaccine and other nontuberculosis micobacterial infections

A utilidade do teste tuberculínico tem sido contestada em nosso país porque a infecçäo por bacilos näo-Mycobacterium tuberculosis e principalmente o BCG determinaram reaçäo cruzada com o PPD. Considerando que a prevalência de bacilos näo-M. tuberculosis no país é baixa e que as reaçöes induzidas por eles e pelo BCG säo em geral de menor intensidade e mais fugazes quando comparadas com as causas pelo M. tuberculosis, conclui-se que o teste tuberculínico com PPD 2U continuará a ser de grande utilidade, näo se justificando seu abandono em becegeizados

Modulatory effects of metanil yellow on immunity in rodents.

Pathomorphological and immunological studies were carried out on rodents following oral administration of 0, 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5% (w/w) metanil yellow, mixed in diet, for 30 days. No significant change in hematologic parameters and histologic architecture of liver, kidney, mesenteric lymph node, thymus and urinary bladder was observed except for mild desquamation of intestinal villi and moderate changes in Peyer's patches of small intestine with higher doses. Among immunological parameters, significant enhancement in the primary humoral immune response (anti-SRBC IgM plaque forming cells of spleen) was observed with the lowest dose of metanil yellow while higher doses produced opposing effects. An elevated cutaneous delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction to SRBC was seen in 0.1% metanil yellow treated animals but higher doses did not influence the reaction. The treatment also caused changes in functional capabilities of macrophages. Although these immune alterations could hardly influence the local immunity of gut, as measured by the capacity of animals to cause rejection of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis parasite, the potential to modulate the immunity in general by metanil yellow however assumes considerable biological significance.